mercredi 16 décembre 2015
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing breakpoints and methods from BSAC to EUCAST
The BSAC Standing Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing is one of several European national breakpoint committees that agreed in 2002 to harmonize clinical MIC breakpoints. The process of harmonization has since been completed for commonly used agents, and breakpoints for new agents have been set by EUCAST in accordance with a procedure defined by the EMA. EUCAST breakpoints have now been adopted by a large majority of laboratories in Europe. BSAC implemented the EUCAST breakpoints in its own disc diffusion susceptibility testing method as harmonized breakpoints were agreed to over the years. Since the development of the EUCAST disc diffusion method, several countries with their own disc diffusion methods have switched to the EUCAST method, and BSAC will replace support of its own disc diffusion method with support for the EUCAST method from January 2016. The EUCAST breakpoints are also available in automated systems. The harmonized breakpoints and methods will help to avoid different reports of susceptibility for the same isolate in different countries and enable more reliable comparison of resistance rates in surveillance studies in different countries.
from Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - current issue http://ift.tt/1P6Yo0r
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Database on natural polymorphisms and resistance-related non-synonymous mutations in thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase genes of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2
The use of genotypic resistance testing of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) is increasing because the rapid availability of results significantly improves the treatment of severe infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. However, an essential precondition is a broad knowledge of natural polymorphisms and resistance-associated mutations in the thymidine kinase (TK) and DNA polymerase (pol) genes, of which the DNA polymerase (Pol) enzyme is targeted by the highly effective antiviral drugs in clinical use. Thus, this review presents a database of all non-synonymous mutations of TK and DNA pol genes of HSV-1 and HSV-2 whose association with resistance or natural gene polymorphism has been clarified by phenotypic and/or functional assays. In addition, the laboratory methods for verifying natural polymorphisms or resistance mutations are summarized. This database can help considerably to facilitate the interpretation of genotypic resistance findings in clinical HSV-1 and HSV-2 strains.
from Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - current issue http://ift.tt/1RoA3GH
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Efflux pump inhibitors: targeting mycobacterial efflux systems to enhance TB therapy
The emergence of drug resistance continues to plague TB control, with a global increase in the prevalence of MDR-TB. This acts as a gateway to XDR-TB and thus emphasizes the urgency for drug development and optimal treatment options. Bedaquiline is the first new anti-TB drug approved by the FDA in 40 years and has been shown to be an effective treatment option for MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Bedaquiline has also recently been included in clinical trials for new regimens with the aim of improving and shortening treatment periods. Alarmingly, efflux-mediated bedaquiline resistance, as well as efflux-mediated cross-resistance to clofazimine, has been identified in treatment failures. This mechanism of resistance results in efflux of a variety of anti-TB drugs from the bacterial cell, thereby decreasing the intracellular drug concentration. In doing so, the bacillus is able to render the antibiotic treatment ineffective. Recent studies have explored strategies to reverse the resistance phenotype conferred by efflux pump activation. It was observed that the addition of efflux pump inhibitors partially restored drug susceptibility in vitro and in vivo. This has significant clinical implications, especially in MDR-TB management where treatment options are extremely limited. This review aims to highlight the current efflux pump inhibitors effective against M. tuberculosis, the effect of efflux pump inhibitors on mycobacterial growth and the clinical promise of treatment with efflux pump inhibitors and standard anti-TB therapy.
from Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - current issue http://ift.tt/1P6Yo0g
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Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel lincomycin derivatives. Part 1. Newly generated antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria with erm gene by C-7 modification
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel lincomycin derivatives. Part 1. Newly generated antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria with erm gene by C-7 modification
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.119
Authors: Yoshinari Wakiyama, Ko Kumura, Eijiro Umemura, Kazutaka Ueda, Satomi Masaki, Megumi Kumura, Hideki Fushimi & Keiichi Ajito
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1ITG8bo
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel lincomycin derivatives. Part 2. Synthesis of 7(S)-7-deoxy-7-(4-morpholinocarbonylphenylthio)lincomycin and its 3-dimensional analysis with rRNA
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel lincomycin derivatives. Part 2. Synthesis of 7(S)-7-deoxy-7-(4-morpholinocarbonylphenylthio)lincomycin and its 3-dimensional analysis with rRNA
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.125
Authors: Yoshinari Wakiyama, Ko Kumura, Eijiro Umemura, Satomi Masaki, Kazutaka Ueda, Takashi Watanabe, Mikio Yamamoto, Yoko Hirai & Keiichi Ajito
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1JbizFR
Anthelmintic closantel enhances bacterial killing of polymyxin B against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Anthelmintic closantel enhances bacterial killing of polymyxin B against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.127
Authors: Thien B Tran, Soon-Ee Cheah, Heidi H Yu, Phillip J Bergen, Roger L Nation, Darren J Creek, Anthony Purcell, Alan Forrest, Yohei Doi, Jiangning Song, Tony Velkov & Jian Li
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1JbiAcT
Amethysione and amethysamide, new metabolites from Streptosporangium amethystogenes BCC 27081
Amethysione and amethysamide, new metabolites from Streptosporangium amethystogenes BCC 27081
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.128
Authors: Chollaratt Boonlarppradab, Chanwit Suriyachadkun, Sumalee Supothina & Pattiyaa Laksanacharoen
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1JbizFP
New phenazine analogues from Streptomyces sp. IFM 11694 with TRAIL resistance-overcoming activities
New phenazine analogues from Streptomyces sp. IFM 11694 with TRAIL resistance-overcoming activities
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.129
Authors: Mohamed S Abdelfattah, Naoki Ishikawa, Utpal K Karmakar, Kazuki Yamaku & Masami Ishibashi
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1JbizFN
Cell wall-affecting antibiotics modulate natural transformation in SigH-expressing Staphylococcus aureus
Cell wall-affecting antibiotics modulate natural transformation in SigH-expressing Staphylococcus aureus
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 16 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.132
Authors: Le Thuy Nguyen Thi, Veronica Medrano Romero & Kazuya Morikawa
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1ITG6jV
mardi 8 décembre 2015
Application of bacterial cytological profiling to crude natural product extracts reveals the antibacterial arsenal of Bacillus subtilis
Application of bacterial cytological profiling to crude natural product extracts reveals the antibacterial arsenal of Bacillus subtilis
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.116
Authors: Poochit Nonejuie, Rachelle M Trial, Gerald L Newton, Anne Lamsa, Varahenage Ranmali Perera, Julieta Aguilar, Wei-Ting Liu, Pieter C Dorrestein, Joe Pogliano & Kit Pogliano
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1XV1TON
PM100117 and PM100118, new antitumor macrolides produced by a marine Streptomyces caniferus GUA-06-05-006A
PM100117 and PM100118, new antitumor macrolides produced by a marine Streptomyces caniferus GUA-06-05-006A
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.121
Authors: Marta Pérez, Carmen Schleissner, Rogelio Fernández, Pilar Rodríguez, Fernando Reyes, Paz Zuñiga, Fernando de la Calle & Carmen Cuevas
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1ITQySU
Improvement of the productivity of ecumicin, a novel anti-tuberculosis agent, from new Nonomuraea sp. MJM5123
Improvement of the productivity of ecumicin, a novel anti-tuberculosis agent, from new Nonomuraea sp. MJM5123
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.122
Authors: Ying-Yu Jin, Jin-Yong Kim, Seung Hwan Yang, Hanki Lee & Joo-Won Suh
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1ITQB12
Improved antibiotic production and silent gene activation in Streptomyces diastatochromogenes by ribosome engineering
Improved antibiotic production and silent gene activation in Streptomyces diastatochromogenes by ribosome engineering
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.123
Authors: Xuping Shentu, Nannan Liu, Gu Tang, Yukinori Tanaka, Kozo Ochi, Jianfeng Xu & Xiaoping Yu
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1XV1Tyu
Unantimycin A, a new neoantimycin analog isolated from a microbial metabolite fraction library
Unantimycin A, a new neoantimycin analog isolated from a microbial metabolite fraction library
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.124
Authors: Chung Liang Lim, Toshihiko Nogawa, Akiko Okano, Yushi Futamura, Makoto Kawatani, Shunji Takahashi, Darah Ibrahim & Hiroyuki Osada
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1ITQyCw
Maniwamycins: new quorum-sensing inhibitors against Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 were isolated from Streptomyces sp. TOHO-M025
Maniwamycins: new quorum-sensing inhibitors against Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 were isolated from Streptomyces sp. TOHO-M025
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 9 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.126
Authors: Atsushi Fukumoto, Chikana Murakami, Yojiro Anzai & Fumio Kato
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1XV1Sul
mardi 1 décembre 2015
Biosynthetic origin of anthracimycin: a tricyclic macrolide from Streptomyces sp.
Biosynthetic origin of anthracimycin: a tricyclic macrolide from Streptomyces sp.
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 2 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.118
Authors: Enjuro Harunari, Hisayuki Komaki & Yasuhiro Igarashi
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1YGRljg
In vitro activity of dalbavancin and five comparator agents against common and uncommon Gram-positive organisms isolated from cancer patients
In vitro activity of dalbavancin and five comparator agents against common and uncommon Gram-positive organisms isolated from cancer patients
The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, December 2 2015. doi:10.1038/ja.2015.120
Authors: Kenneth V I Rolston, Weiqun Wang, Lior Nesher, Samuel A Shelburne & Randall A Prince
from The Journal of Antibiotics - AOP - nature.com science feeds http://ift.tt/1YGRinQ
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